There are two types of energy recovery systems: heat recovery ventilators (HRV) and energy recovery (or enthalpy recovery) ventilators (ERV). Both types include a heat exchanger, one or more fans to push air through the machine, and some controls.
The main difference between a heat recovery and an energy recovery ventilator is the way the heat exchanger works. With an energy recovery ventilator, the heat exchanger transfers a certain amount of water vapor along with heat energy, while a heat recovery ventilator only transfers heat.